An optimizer is an electronic device that helps to maximize the energy output of each individual solar panel in a photovoltaic (PV) system. It works by monitoring the voltage and current of each panel, and then adjusting the maximum power point (MPP) of the panel to optimize its energy output. This ensures that each panel in the system is operating at peak efficiency, even if the other panels in the system are shaded or have different output characteristics.

Optimizers can be used with either string inverters or microinverters, and can be retrofitted into existing systems to improve performance. They can also provide real-time data on panel performance, allowing for monitoring and troubleshooting of the PV system. Optimizers can increase the safety of PV systems by reducing the risk of arc faults, and can also extend the lifespan of the system by reducing the amount of stress on each panel. They are a valuable tool for anyone looking to optimize the energy output of their PV system and maximize their return on investment.